In JavaScript, data types refer to the classifications of values that determine the operations that can be performed on them and the way they are stored in memory. JavaScript has several built-in data types, which can be categorized into two main categories: primitive types and reference types.
Primitive types:
Number: Represents numeric values, including integers and floating-point numbers. For example: 3, 3.14.
String: Represents a sequence of characters enclosed in single or double quotes. For example: 'hello', "world".
Boolean: Represents a logical value, either true or false.
Null: Represents the intentional absence of any object value. It is a special value denoting the absence of an object reference.
Undefined: Represents an uninitialized variable or an object property that does not exist.
Symbol: Represents a unique identifier and is often used as a key in JavaScript objects. Symbols are introduced in ECMAScript 2015 (ES6) and are created using the Symbol() function.
Reference types:
Object: Represents a collection of key-value pairs and is a fundamental construct in JavaScript. Objects can be created using object literals ({}) or the new keyword with constructors.
Array: Represents an ordered collection of values. Arrays can hold elements of any data type, and they are created using square brackets ([]).
Function: Represents a reusable block of code that can be invoked by its name. Functions are created using the function keyword or by using arrow function syntax (() => {}).
Date: Represents a specific moment in time, including various methods for manipulating dates and times.
RegExp: Represents a regular expression, which is used for pattern matching and manipulation of strings.
...and others: JavaScript also provides additional built-in reference types like Map, Set, Promise, etc., introduced in later ECMAScript versions.
JavaScript is a dynamically typed language, meaning you don't need to explicitly declare the data type of a variable. The data type is determined automatically based on the value assigned to the variable.
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